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內容簡介
吳成文陳述故事的痕跡，永遠是一場進行式，這一段親身為臺灣學術殿堂的作為，也是他企盼為臺灣學術教育環境有所回饋的使命感。
這是一本具有反省與思索的重量級出版品，是吳成文院士以全球化的觀點、國家的策略高度，結合他曾經領導國家級學術機構的經驗，針對目前臺灣在原地打轉的現況，所回饋出之有關未來生醫教育與國家發展的遠景。
吳院士三十年前義無反顧返國，秉持一份理想，期盼自己的國家能有高水準的學術機構及學術研究，迎頭趕上科學先進的歐美國家，他帶進了許多學術新制度，改變了舊有的學術文化及學術環境，養成了一批批年輕菁英。他以歲月、智慧、行動來完成台灣今日的生物醫學的發展及繁盛，期盼我們的生醫研究能永續發展，再創高峰！
▌亞洲基因轉錄研討會的開創、傳承與衍續
二○○五年，吳成文決定自國家衛生研究院院長下任，這一個決定在吳成文的心中醞釀許久，他覺得國衛院已經發展到一個規模，達成開創的階段性任務，這時候應當是讓新的領導人幫助國衛院起飛的時機，而他，即可回到最愛的學術研究，不用再為行政職的責任寡佔所有的心力。
這一個消息不脛而走。他的許多海外科學家友人，及過往在美國培育的學生們，得知吳成文離開行政職後，將投注更多的時間在實驗室，一則期待、一則希望為吳成文回臺後這一段學術旅程記下註腳，同時也感謝他雖回到臺灣，卻依舊以前觀的視野為亞洲建立一個新的跨國學術組織——「亞洲基因轉錄學術研討會」（Asian Conference on Transcription，簡稱ACT），促動亞洲在基因轉錄這一學術領域的發展，所以決定第九屆的「亞洲基因轉錄學術研討會」在臺灣舉辦，大會同時將為吳成文舉辦「吳院長榮退紀念活動」。
這一場學術豐宴在二○○五年十二月十五日於國衛院竹南院區舉行，吸引來自十一個國家共計一百六十三位學者參與，有三十八篇口頭報告論文及五十四篇壁報論文展示，研討會歷經四天，第九屆ACT是自一九九○年成立迄當下最盛大的一次。
最後的高潮自然就是大會於研討會結束前，為吳成文舉辦的「榮退紀念會」，由他在美國的學生、已經為國際知名的日本學者島本伸雄（Nobuo Shimamoto）教授，致贈ACT大會的終生紀念獎給吳成文。這時與會科學家一起為吳成文回臺在亞洲所引起的學術效應與成就，起立鼓掌，現場熱情洋溢，科學家們的友情讓吳成文的心緒溫馨湃然。
前瞻眼光，引進高登學術會議
這一場研討會及吳成文的榮退學術慶典，得以吸引這麼多國外卓越科學家參與，大家為吳成文的學術貢獻歡聚一堂，看得出來國際學界對他的尊敬，及ACT這個學會組織對亞洲甚而南太平洋的影響。
說起一九九○年ACT的成立，這也是吳成文另一項學術的意外成績。一九八八年，吳成文回臺接任中研院生醫所籌備處主任乙職，積極自海外引進學術人才，及透過學術研討會的方式，幫助國內外科學界的互動與交流，而在這過程中，吳成文察覺了當時國內學界舉辦研討會的單一模式。
那當刻，他發現國內習常舉辦的大型國際學術研討會，參與人員動輒數百人，時程或一天或三天，會中雖邀請國際知名的科學家發表學術演說，但因為大型學術會議的學門過廣，兼之時間有限，所以互動與討論的機會不多，說嚴格一些，像是一場熱鬧的學術辦桌，喧嘩一陣之後，大家一哄而散，非常可惜。
吳成文記得在美國時，有一種專門針對特定學術領域所舉辦的研討會議，稱之為高登會議（Gordon Conference）的小型學術研討會，這種學術會議所邀請的學者均集中在同一個學術範疇，多數人甚而彼此熟識，會議的舉辦時間也較長，以三到五天為主，邀集的學者多不過百人，舉辦學術會議的位址也儘量避開熱鬧的地點，所以，這三到五天的時間，大家集中住在一處，一起生活，會議的議題自然放在他們所熟知的學術領域。
而高登會議最特別的地方是，在研討會中，科學家可以將他們最新的研究發現、但尚未發表的學術新知，分享給與會的所有學者，參與的科學家們也互有共識默契，亦即在研討會中所聽到的新知新訊，絕對不可以對外透露或是私自引用。也因為大家領域相同，兼之彼此信賴，所以在學術研討會中可以盡興地交流互動，沒有一絲罣礙。在此基礎上，與會的科學家均能汲取到他人的智慧養分，會議結束之後，大家都收穫滿滿的互道珍重，無形中更建立了獨特的情誼。
吳成文說，早年他在美國發展之際，高登會議給他非常多的促動與啟發，他非常懷念此種集中以及伴隨著互益、學習的研討會模式，一心想引進到國內的學術界。
一九八九年，吳成文在韓國的首爾參加學術研討會，遇見了幾位自己早年在美的學生，有來自日本的島本伸雄、印度的洽德治（Dipangkar Chatterji），以及他的韓國學生姜昌洪（Chang Won Kang）。他們是在吳成文實驗室中訓練出來的科學俊彥，回到自己的國家後，都有過人的學術表現，當時已成為亞洲基因轉錄學域的科學新秀。而這一次會議中，也見到亞洲最早進入基因轉錄學術研究的一位資深科學家——日本京都大學的石濱朗教授（Akira Isihama），幾位師生及學術老友見面自然是相敘歡暢。
亞洲基因轉錄學術會議激揚學術效應
那天吳成文跟他們說及在亞洲建立高登學術研討會模式之會議組織的構想，沒想到大家不約而同地贊成，因為在各自國家所舉行的大型學術會議中，也有同樣的問題，也覺得大型學術會議因為學門的分野，使得大家互動的機會不多，學習的效果有限，所以希望吳成文登高一呼，一起把亞洲第一個高登會議做起來。
有亞洲學者的熱情支持，吳成文又把這一學術組織的構思告知了在澳洲進行基因轉錄學術研究的畢塔教授（James Pittard），當時澳洲科學界鑽研基因轉錄的學者也不是很多，畢塔非常希望能參與這樣的高登學術會議組織，藉此吸引紐、澳的學者一起為這個學術領域邁進，就這樣一句話，範疇從亞洲擴衍到了南半球。
沒想到一場在首爾舉行的學術會議，科學家們馬上取得共識，大家把這個高登會議組織定名為「亞洲基因轉錄學術研討會」（Asian Conference on Transcription，簡稱ACT），商議決定每兩年舉辦一次學術會議。吳成文是發起人，所以在首爾發起會議的次年（一九九○年），第一次ACT學術會議就在中研院生醫所舉行，有來自世界各國七十多位科學家參與，他的三位回到自己國家的學生島本伸雄（日本）、姜昌洪（韓國）、洽德治（印度），及同是發起人的石濱朗教授（日本）、畢塔教授（澳洲），成為ACT國際執委會的中堅幹部。看得出來ACT在建立之初，已具備了跨國風格的良好基礎。
從第一屆到現在，ACT已舉辦了十四次，參與的國家及科學家愈來愈多，像是從事基因轉錄研究亞洲學者與世界學者交流切磋的「同學會」，研討會亦同時邀請多位歐、美知名基因轉錄學者與會；例如紐約Sloan Kettering癌症中心的Jerard Hurwitz、洛克斐勒大學的Robert Roeder等國際科學界基因轉錄領域之泰斗；不論老、中、青，學者們各擅其才，暢所欲言自己的學術新發現，這個具國際型態的高登會議，無法想像的衍生影響，造成了對各國學術研究的衝擊。
ACT每兩年舉辦一次，從一九九○年第一次在臺北舉辦，歷屆ACT的足跡已經越過北半球。看一看ACT發展的腳程，真是一山還有一山高。
ACT就像是一個亞太地區的學術大轉盤，到各地去汲取與分享這一特定領域的「最新」學術成果，每場都是「華山學術」大論「見」——非「劍」爾，因為不是在比較各自的學術成果，而是在學習與聆聽所有老、中、青科學家們，在基因轉錄這一學術舞台上，如何精益求精地引領出創意的火花。
而ACT設立，當然對亞洲各地學界有相當大的影響。
引燃學術火焰——中國印象
若是以吳成文個人來說，其實回到臺灣之後，他的學術研究已經轉了一個方向，現在他的實驗室並沒有用太多的心力進行如此核心（hard core）的基因轉錄研究，但是吳成文只要參加ACT還是安排相關的學術演說，他的學生們一樣驚艷老師寶刀依舊。倒是這一群當年在美國被他訓練出來的學生，個個已經成為世界級基因轉錄學術研究的卓越科學家，除了擔任ACT學術組織的重要幹部，負責所屬地主國ACT的會議舉辦事宜，還一路帶領他們的學生加入這一個學術大家庭，有形無形地讓自己的學術能力更上一層樓，衍生的效益是幫助自己國家在此學域的紮根發展。
另一個重要的影響是，ACT在亞洲及紐澳引起的學術啟動角色。舉二○○○年，ACT於中國北京舉行為例：當時中國開放後赴國外留學的海外學人已有多人回到大陸，一心希望藉助科學研究，提升中國的國際地位；而因為文革而斬斷學術生命的上一代科學家，更是積極回到學術崗位，專注於研究，希望為中國的學術開啟一條更新發展的大道。所以，二○○○年中國的這一場學術會議，是老師帶學生撩起袖子一起賣力幹活，即令這一群在學的學生還是生澀，舉辦跨國學術活動的經驗不足，但認真的程度讓吳成文的印象依舊深刻。
也是在這一年，吳成文的一位學生有學術海報展出，舉辦這一次學術會議的大陸科學家沈珝琲教授一直讚揚這一張學術海報。她說：「吳教授，您的學生做得很好啊！」學生的研究受到讚揚，吳成文心中自然高興，但卻發生了一件小小的插曲，在學術海報展示結束後，這一張海報孤伶伶地掛在海報架上，因為他的學生忘記了，早已經離開會場。
倒是這一位珍惜年輕人學術成長的大陸教授及一位參與學術會議的國衛院工作同仁，將這張被遺忘的學術海報收起來，交給了吳成文。吳成文收到這一張海報是有感慨的，回到臺灣後，他把這位學生叫來，輕輕地說了一句話：你的東西倒是別人比你還珍惜。說得這個學生非常不好意思。雖只是一件小事，吳成文已經觀看得出，海峽對岸對科學研究的珍視及企圖心了，他們絕不輕忽任何一個學術成績，尚且愛惜年輕人的學術成果。
果不其然，這幾年因著中國的經濟發展，學術的宏圖愈來愈大。一場跨國性的學術會議對當年中國的衝擊也許就是：要快步加油，因為別的國家跑在前面了！
欣喜得意門生開枝散葉，學術有成
二○○八年，ACT-10在印度舉行，吳成文的學生洽德治為主辦人，他受邀進行專題演講：”Identification of a trans-acting transcription factor, c-Myc,involved in a fine-tuned bidirectional regulation of a brain-disease-related gene pair SERPINII”他的三位亞洲學生洽德治、島本伸雄、姜昌洪均在場聆聽老師即令是不再以所有心力進行基因轉錄研究，但依舊精彩的學術演說。
這時，他的學生們在自己的國家已經開枝散葉了。島本伸雄是日本生物物理研究分子生物學的開創者，他更撰寫了日本第一本奈米生物學教科書，洽德治在印度技術研究院（Indian Institute of Technology）擔任講座教授，而在韓國的姜昌洪還被韓國稱為最有實力獲得諾貝爾獎的七位韓國科學家之一。學生們在自己的國家發展得這麼好，甚至帶動其國家的學術發展，是吳成文最欣慰的地方。
韓國、日本、印度分別舉辦過兩次ACT學術會議，這當然與三位學生已經在其國內學術界站立起來有關，因為唯有發展成熟的科學家，方能擁有行政及學術資源，舉辦重要的學術會議。二○○八年，吳成文前往印度，學生洽德治還特地安排老師參訪重要的學術研究機構，讓吳成文瞭解印度政府進軍生物醫學研究及生物科技的雄心。
因著這一次會議，吳成文瞭解到印度政府雖然因為人口浩繁而財務壓力沈重，但自上世紀八○年代開始，已經將生物科技視為國家未來發展的重點項目，甚而從法令的規範開始，以政府為後盾，大力支持基礎科學的研究。也因為政府積極希望人才回流，他所訓練的學生洽德治才能回到印度安心發展。
中國及印度在上世紀其科學研究的起步並不比臺灣早，但從上述兩國科學研究者的態度及國家的支持度來看，現今這兩個大國家的學術研究能急起直追，也部分算是因為ACT共融的學術舞台，成為亞洲各國科學家可察覺到的學術風氣吧！
吳成文無論多麼忙碌，一定盡可能參加ACT每兩年舉辦的學術會議。當年一起發起這一個學術活動的幾位科學家，包括石濱朗教授，及自己的學生如年紀較大的島本伸雄教授，都已經自原來的學術單位退休，轉往其他學校繼續進行研究。吳成文笑言，他們都是ACT的老生代了。
ACT在亞洲已經運轉了二十多年，是亞洲第一個自發性跨國高登會議成功的範例。他說，參加ACT對他們這一群「資深」科學家來說，是老朋友的「敘舊同學會」，還能欣賞各國新生代科學家那磨刀霍霍粉墨登場的學術表現，心中充滿著寬慰與欣喜。
跨國會議提攜學術新秀
想一想，在泰國、在馬來西亞、在澳洲、在印度、在中國、在臺灣、在韓國、在日本、在新加坡等，這些地區已經含括了亞洲重要的科學國度，是這群科學家們一起把這學術研究的火炬傳承下去。吳成文知道，有一天，所有上世紀啟始ACT的老成會凋謝，即令是他的學生們，在學術高峰之後也會漸次退休，或是跟他一樣轉換學術跑道，但是這一個學術接力傳承，已經由點而面的不同國度、到老而少的不同世代。
「感謝有你，感謝ACT！」這是來自馬來西亞的科學家Kalai Mathee說的話。她說，她在ACT成長，在ACT學習到前輩科學家的睿智，在ACT結交到相同學術領域的好朋友。因為ACT，她在學術上站了起來，而她現在已經是美國佛羅里達州邁阿密大學基因中心的教授，也是二○一七年ACT-15的主辦人。
「感謝有你，感謝ACT！」這句話當然不是針對吳成文個人所言，即連吳成文也想對所有的ACT科學夥伴們說這一句話，因為他在這裡享受到了超越學術的友誼，以及他創建ACT那股學術理想的成就感。
的確，這是屬於ACT最驕傲的歷史，最值得衍續的未來！
本書特色
台灣生醫三十年發展回顧
──以不同事項、逐一的篇幅，來記述三十年來上面言及科學思索的作為，自學術學會的創立、學術單位的建置，以及為求學術卓越所引進的學術改革新制，甚而綜觀臺灣三十年來的科學發展與政策作為。
檢討及前瞻台灣生醫產業
──這是一本具有反省與思索的重量級書版，是吳成文院士以全球化的觀點、國家的策略高度，結合他曾經領導國家級學術機構的經驗，針對目前臺灣在原地打轉的現況，所回饋出之有關未來生醫教育與國家發展的遠景。
名家專文推薦
——台灣的生醫研究，由傳統醫療走向現代精準醫學，處處都是困境，新舊觀念的轉變和磨合，有限資源的分配、人才培育的重點必須聚焦，新的實驗設施、先進的研究儀器，以及領導人的尋訪安置等，也都必須解決。誰來解決？吳成文院士扮演著吃重的角色。(中研院院士曾志朗)
——吳院士三十年前義無反顧返國，秉持一份理想，期盼自己的國家能有高水準的學術機構及學術研究，迎頭趕上科學先進的歐美國家，他帶進了許多學術新制度，改變了舊有的學術文化及學術環境，養成了一批批年輕菁英。他以歲月、智慧、行動來完成台灣今日的生物醫學的發展及繁盛，期盼我們的生醫研究能永續發展，再創高峰！(中研院院士吳妍華)
——這是一本具有反省與思索的重量級書版，是吳成文院士以全球化的觀點、國家的策略高度，結合他曾經領導國家級學術機構的經驗，針對目前臺灣在原地打轉的現況，所回饋出之有關未來生醫教育與國家發展的遠景。(前國衛院代理院長余幸司)
作者介紹
吳成文
1964年畢業於臺灣大學醫學院，1969年取得美國凱斯西方儲備大學（Case Western Reserve University）生化博士，1969〜1971年分別於康乃爾大學、耶魯大學進行博士後研究。1972〜1980年於紐約市愛因斯坦醫學院擔任助教授、副教授、正教授，1980〜1990年擔任紐約州立大學石溪校區醫學院講座教授。1988〜1995年擔任中研院生醫所特聘醫學研究講座、特聘研究員，1996〜2008年擔任國家衛生研究院特聘研究員。於2009年受邀擔任國立陽明大學特聘講座教授迄今，於此同時，亦受聘擔任臺灣大學醫學院、清華大學、成功大學、臺北醫學大學、高雄醫學大學、國防醫學院、輔仁大學、中興大學等校榮譽講座教授等職。
1984年當選中央研究院院士，1988年成為中央研究院第一位國外院士，在艱困的環境下返臺定居，擔任中研院生醫所籌備處主任，並榮任第一任所長；在此同時，他協助政府於萬難中籌備國家衛生研究院，1996年國衛院成功設立，擔任創院院長。此二學術機構現均為國內外極重要的醫藥衛生研究單位。
計有250餘篇學術論文發表於國際著名科學期刊，出版專書計六冊，並獲得30餘國際重要學術獎項。2011年榮獲總統科學獎，為我國科學界最高學術榮譽。
劉傳文（筆名）
資深媒體人，曾於報紙、雜誌擔任記者、總編輯、副社長，暨知名外商公關公司資深顧問等職，長於媒體公關行銷，喜文字，因而書寫不輟。右手寫創作，左手寫人物傳記，並以不同筆名撰述，舉凡小說、新詩、評述文字、報導，無不涉獵，出版書籍十多冊，甚而擴及科學家傳記。擅以優美暨精練的文字，傳述重要科學觀念於一般閱讀大眾。因曾於國家衛生研究院公共事務組任職，出版兩本國際知名科學家生命史實《生醫開拓手──吳成文》、《抗癌女神農──陳映雪》，於生物醫學科學界佳評不斷。近作有《飛躍二十年──開創臺灣生醫研究新紀元》（金塊文化出版）、《北醫故事──一個私立大學的蛻變新生》（金塊文化出版），前者以中研院生醫所暨國衛院為背景，書寫我國前20年生命科學基礎建制之重要歷程；後者則是臺北醫學大學的成長紀實，對我國私校經營的現況提供了一理想與實戰成功的典範。
目錄
推薦序二 生物醫學界的先驅者 吳妍華
推薦序三 科學人無可避免的承接責任 余幸司
自序
Chapter 1 創
1.亞洲基因轉錄研討會的開創、傳承與衍續
2.扮演領航功能的生物物理學會
3.跨足兩岸，步向世界——細胞及分子生物學學會
4.臺灣生命科學人才培育的搖籃——國醫生命科學研究所
Chapter 2 育
5.改革臺灣醫學教育質性的醫學院評鑑
6.醫學系學生暑期研究計畫——耕耘科學生命的下一世代
7.科學園丁，夙志不懈——吳大猷學術基金會
8.國家衛生研究院「論壇」——我國醫藥衛生福利的智庫
Chapter 3 傳
9.開闢臺灣癌症醫療新貌——從腫瘤專科醫師培育到臺大醫學院癌症研究中心
10.前人不遠，典型永存——成大醫學院其人、其事、其史
11.見證陽明的成長歷史——陽明大學校長風雲榜
12.薪火相承，提振陽明學術能量
13.站在永續與變革下的高醫——兼談臺灣私校問題
Chapter 4 成
14.三十而立？——吳成文回溯臺灣生技發展三十年
15.國家型計畫退場了！——熄燈號後的故事
16.在政治與民粹下陷落的科技作為——鑑戒與期許
17.創新建造在穩健政策上——行筆二○一七政府科技政策二、三事
序
傳承臺灣科學實力的火炬
想一想，一九八四年，真是我一生關鍵的一年。那一年，我當選中研院院士，我在美國紐約州立大學長島石溪院區的辦公室來了幾位中研院院士在國外知名的長輩、友人，有曹安邦院士、吳瑞院士、王倬院士、何潛院士，他們邀請我回臺參與中研院分生所及生醫所的籌備與設立事宜。那一天大家在我長島的辦公室，晤談許久。
今天回想起來，我知道如果以我自己的學術研究考量，我不會回到臺灣，因為我在美國的學術研究順利，當時手中有五個美國國衛院的學術計畫，對於一心想挑戰學術真理的我，在美國的發展一定更加開闊。
但是因為家鄉的召喚，以及我當時又提議上述幾位國外院士利用年進休假的時間接力回臺，幫助臺灣的生物醫學基礎建置，這一個自以為聰明的辦法，也翻轉了我爾後三十年的學術生涯。
由於我的醫學背景，生醫所的余南庚及錢煦院士向分生所借將，讓我回臺一年到生醫所服務。學術研究重要的關鍵肇建於人才、學術制度與基礎建置，但是在上一世紀八○年代，這一切都需要自地基做起。當時分生所及生醫所都是空的，如何吸引在美已經接受過紮實訓練的學人回臺，是臺灣要進入生命科學研究的第一個關隘。
我在安排好接力回臺的一九八八年之前，自一九八六年開始，已風塵僕僕地在全美延攬回臺的科學家，而我們這一群三十餘位科學大軍在一九八八年回臺之後，的確改變了臺灣的學術生態。
例如，當年中研院五點半下班後的冷氣是關閉的，但是進行中的研究不可以隨時停擺，為了冷氣事宜，生醫所與分生所還特地面呈吳大猷院長。自此生醫所及分生所幾乎是二十四小時燈火通明，回臺的科學家們一心期待在來日可見的科學競爭中，為臺灣拼盡心力。
一年的時間飛快，我必須回美敘職，不料與我一起回生醫所的科學家一起面見院長吳大猷，要求我留臺，要不他們也將回美。不僅是吳大猷院長，臺灣醫界的師長們、國內外院士都希望我能留下來。幾經思量，尤其是我在美國的學術事業與小孩教育問題等，都不是容易解決的問題，但我最後下定決心，放棄美國的終身教職與優渥的薪俸，斬斷後路，為了家鄉在將來世紀生物醫學的研究發展，毅然回臺長居。
那時我已觀察到臺灣的學術研究必須整合大家的力量，才足以與先進國家抗衡，這是人才有限的現實，當時生醫所與分生所的科學家加起來不足百人，這一個數字自是比不上先進國家如美國重要的單一機構或是大藥廠，其學術人員即超過三、四千人之譜。這也是院士會議提議要成立國家醫學研究中心，以及我在總統府紀念月會中報告「生物醫學研究之現況與展望」建議成立國家衛生研究院的原因。
因為卓越學術人才之養成，必須仰仗優良的學術機構與環境，而臺灣要在國際上與科技強國競爭，必須整合大家的學術能量，尋找臺灣足以致勝的研究標的，同心合力，方有機會與世界一較短長。這是我歷經艱難險阻成立國衛院的背後因素，為在整合與帶領臺灣的生醫研究，大家協力一起在全球的科技競賽中得標，為臺灣未來以科技強健國力奪取機會。
其實，臺灣上一世紀的表現不凡，在二○○○年之前，臺灣的學術研究快速飛躍，於世界兩百多個國家中，SCI的論文數堂堂進入前二十名，是一段真實的歷史見證。這曾經的榮景，超越除了日本之外的亞洲各國，曾經讓來臺為生醫所或是國衛院進行學術審查的世界各國科學家們不可置信，甚至對我質問，臺灣是怎麼辦到的？
我對著國際的科學友人說道，必須創造優質的學術環境，這包括一流的學術單位、建立優良的學術制度，及養成卓越的學術人才。而回觀我說的話，以及回到故鄉之後，我在臺灣所做的事情，其實就在實踐上面的所思所想。當年回家這一關鍵步伐，讓我的心懷為了孕育臺灣學術能力的這一個執念，走了三十年。
這三十年的前半段歲月，是臺灣揚起與振奮的記憶，後半段的流光，則見臺灣在國際的科學角競上，逐漸成為緩坡的平地。寰視曾經為臺灣科學發展埋下理想的幾位前輩、友人，有的或已老成凋謝，而十數位與我一起走過昔年歲月曾經的青壯夥伴，現在也一一退休，有時會聚，在緬懷披荊斬棘的過往及關注臺灣未來科技能力的大家，總是說著：成文，你要寫下來，尤其是給現下在科學競技場的年輕人，跟他們說，臺灣其實是非常有機會的，只要他們把科學命脈的火炬承接下去。
一句話說來容易，卻是我們這一群人以幾乎半生的生命，為臺灣所耕耘出的一頁汗水歷史。這即是我書寫本書的背景。
這一本書以不同事項、逐一的篇幅，來記述三十年來上面言及科學思索的作為，自學術學會的創立、學術單位的建置，以及為求學術卓越所引進的學術改革新制，甚而綜觀臺灣三十年來的科學發展與政策作為等，如此的文字思路，有點像是我曾經參與所有科學事務的綜合回憶錄。
傳承火炬給年輕的世代，是心中的理想，如同人類繁衍的生命樹，是一代接續一代、一代傳遞一代；是文化、能力與生命的衍替。歷史的記述其實不是在陳達過去，而是匯聚經驗提供給新生代養份；因為不知史，無以知興衰，無以立千秋。我們這一代為臺灣開創了科學舞台，枝芽成長之後的壯闊，更是年輕世代的責任。
傳承需要的是大家接下鋤頭的手，一步一腳印地紮實耕耘與挑戰，臺灣的機會也同樣需要代代接續，前人的足跡，正是後人的遮蔭。不過臺灣卻不能消費前人的開拓成果，必須在成長的借鏡中，從蔽蔭走出，經營屬於自己這一代以及超越前人的躍進。於是傳承的意念，成為我撰寫本書的初衷。
謹以本書獻給曾經一起耕耘的學術夥伴，讓我們大家一起期許與欣見臺灣的成長。這一片福爾摩沙美麗家園，是我當年願意放棄所有學術榮耀回臺的因素，更是我們大家一心不變的盼願——臺灣生命科學傳承的火炬。
詳細資料
- ISBN：9789869499989
- 叢書系列：
- 規格：平裝 / 328頁 / 15 x 21 cm / 普通級 / 單色印刷 / 初版
- 出版地：台灣
- 本書分類：> >
... 作者：水木然， 有這樣一個國家，在中國疫情初期的時候，發文諷刺中國，中國提出抗議，該國非但不停止諷刺，反而故意火上加油！ 這個國家的就是丹麥。 前段時間，中國正處於抵抗疫情的關鍵時期，丹麥卻用中國國旗來諷刺中國，一位漫畫作家實際上把中國國旗P變成了冠狀病毒。讓人非常氣憤： ... 很快，中國駐丹麥大使要求郵報和漫畫作者向所有中國人公開道歉，結果丹麥首相弗雷德里克森才跳出來為這種行為辯護，她回應稱：「言論自由是丹麥的傳統和繪畫自由。沒有必要向中國解釋丹麥的立場！」 ... 後來，中國駐丹麥大使對此事的看法：「言論自由不應以傷害其他國家和人民為代價，也絕不能成為侮辱中國和中國人民的藉口！」 169. Don't let yesterday use up too much of today. 別留念昨天了，把握好今天吧。(Will Rogers) 170. If you are not brave enough, no one will back you up. 你不勇敢，沒人替你堅強。171. If you don't build your dream, someone will hire you to build theirs. 如果你沒有夢想，那麼你只能為別人的夢想打工。172. Beauty is all around, if you just open your heart to see. 只要你給自己機會，你會發現你的世界可以很美麗。173. The difference in winning and losing is most often...not quitting. 贏與輸的差別通常是--不放棄。(華特·迪士尼) 174. I am ordinary yet unique. 我很平凡，但我獨一無二。175. I like people who make me laugh in spite of myself. 我喜歡那些讓我笑起來的人，就算是我不想笑的時候。176. Image a new story for your life and start living it. 為你的生命想一個全新劇本，並去傾情出演吧！177. I'd rather be a happy fool than a sad sage. 做個悲傷的智者，不如做個開心的傻子。178. The future belongs to those who believe in the beauty of their dreams. 未來屬於那些相信夢想之美的人。(埃莉諾·羅斯福) 179. Even if you get no applause, you should accept a curtain call gracefully and appreciate your own efforts. 即使沒有人為你鼓掌，也要優雅的謝幕，感謝自己的認真付出。180. Don't let dream just be your dream. 別讓夢想只停留在夢裡。181. A day without laughter is a day wasted. 沒有笑聲的一天是浪費了的一天。(卓別林) 182. Travel and see the world; afterwards, you will be able to put your concerns in perspective. 去旅行吧，見的世面多了，你會發現原來在意的那些結根本算不了什麼。183. The key to acquiring proficiency in any task is repetition. 任何事情成功關鍵都是熟能生巧。《生活大爆炸》 184. You can be happy no matter what. 開心一點吧，管它會怎樣。185. A good plan today is better than a perfect plan tomorrow. 今天的好計劃勝過明天的完美計劃。186. Nothing is impossible, the word itself says 'I'm possible'! 一切皆有可能！「不可能」的意思是：「不，可能。」(奧黛麗·赫本) 187. Life isn't fair, but no matter your circumstances, you have to give it your all. 生活是不公平的，不管你的境遇如何，你只能全力以赴。188. No matter how hard it is, just keep going because you only fail when you give up. 無論多麼艱難，都要繼續前進，因為只有你放棄的那一刻，你才輸了。When Paul Jobs was mustered out of the Coast Guard after World War II, he made a wager with his crewmates. They had arrived in San Francisco, where their ship was decommissioned, and Paul bet that he would find himself a wife within two weeks. He was a taut, tattooed engine mechanic, six feet tall, with a passing resemblance to James Dean. But it wasn』t his looks that got him a date with Clara Hagopian, a sweet-humored daughter of Armenian immigrants. It was the fact that he and his friends had a car, unlike the group she had originally planned to go out with that evening. Ten days later, in March 1946, Paul got engaged to Clara and won his wager. It would turn out to be a happy marriage, one that lasted until death parted them more than forty years later. Paul Reinhold Jobs had been raised on a dairy farm in Germantown, Wisconsin. Even though his father was an alcoholic and sometimes abusive, Paul ended up with a gentle and calm disposition under his leathery exterior. After dropping out of high school, he wandered through the Midwest picking up work as a mechanic until, at age nineteen, he joined the Coast Guard, even though he didn』t know how to swim. He was deployed on the USS General M. C. Meigs and spent much of the war ferrying troops to Italy for General Patton. His talent as a machinist and fireman earned him commendations, but he occasionally found himself in minor trouble and never rose above the rank of seaman. Clara was born in New Jersey, where her parents had landed after fleeing the Turks in Armenia, and they moved to the Mission District of San Francisco when she was a child. She had a secret that she rarely mentioned to anyone: She had been married before, but her husband had been killed in the war. So when she met Paul Jobs on that first date, she was primed to start a new life. Clara, however, loved San Francisco, and in 1952 she convinced her husband to move back there. They got an apartment in the Sunset District facing the Pacific, just south of Golden Gate Park, and he took a job working for a finance company as a 「repo man,」 picking the locks of cars whose owners hadn』t paid their loans and repossessing them. He also bought, repaired, and sold some of the cars, making a decent enough living in the process. There was, however, something missing in their lives. They wanted children, but Clara had suffered an ectopic pregnancy, in which the fertilized egg was implanted in a fallopian tube rather than the uterus, and she had been unable to have any. So by 1955, after nine years of marriage, they were looking to adopt a child. Like Paul Jobs, Joanne Schieble was from a rural Wisconsin family of German heritage. Her father, Arthur Schieble, had immigrated to the outskirts of Green Bay, where he and his wife owned a mink farm and dabbled successfully in various other businesses, including real estate and photoengraving. He was very strict, especially regarding his daughter’s relationships, and he had strongly disapproved of her first love, an artist who was not a Catholic. Thus it was no surprise that he threatened to cut Joanne off completely when, as a graduate student at the University of Wisconsin, she fell in love with Abdulfattah 「John」 Jandali, a Muslim teaching assistant from Syria. Jandali was the youngest of nine children in a prominent Syrian family. His father owned oil refineries and multiple other businesses, with large holdings in Damascus and Homs, and at one point pretty much controlled the price of wheat in the region. His mothe凝固的熔巖流。火星上常常有猛烈的大風，大風揚起沙塵能形成可以覆蓋火星全球的特大型沙塵暴。每次沙塵暴可持續數個星期。火星兩極的冰冠和火星大氣中含有水份。從火星表面獲得的探測數據證明，在遠古時期，火星曾經有過液態的水，而且水量特別大。[51] 土星是離太陽第六顆行星，直徑120536㎞，體積僅次於木星。主要由氫組成，還有少量的氦與微量元素，內部的核心包括巖石和冰，外圍由數層金屬氫和氣體包裹著。地球距離土星13億公里。土星的引力比地球強2.5倍，能夠牽引太陽系內其它行星，使地球處於一個橢圓軌道中運行，並且與太陽保持適當距離，適宜生命繁衍。當土星軌道傾斜20度將使地球軌道比金星軌道更接近太陽，同時，這將導致火星完全離開太陽系。[52] 土星是已知唯一密度小於水的行星，假如能夠將土星放入一個巨大的浴池之中，它將可以漂浮起來。土星有一個巨大的磁氣圈和一個狂風肆虐的大氣層，赤道附近的風速可達1800千米/時。在環繞土星運行的31顆衛星中間，土衛六是最大的一顆，比水星和月球還大，也是太陽系中唯一擁有濃厚大氣層的衛星。[53] 天王星是離太陽第七顆行星，51118km。體積約為地球的65倍，在九大行星中僅次於木星和土星。天王星的大氣層中83%是氫，15%為氦，2%為甲烷以及少量的乙炔和碳氫化合物。上層大氣層的甲烷吸收紅光，使天王星呈現藍綠色。大氣在固定緯度集結成雲層，類似於木星和土星在緯線上鮮艷的條狀色帶。天王星雲層的平均溫度為零下193攝氏度。質量為8.6810±13×10²⁵kg，相當於地球質量的14.63倍。密度較小，只有1.24克/立方厘米，為海王星密度值的74.7%。[54] 恆星 恆星 海王星是離太陽的第八顆行星，直徑49532千米。海王星繞太陽運轉的軌道半徑為45億千米，公轉一周需要165年。海王星的直徑和天王星類似，質量比天王星略大一些。海王星和天王星的主要大氣成分都是氫和氦，內部結構也極為相近，所以說海王星與天王星是一對孿生兄弟。[55] 海王星有太陽系最強烈的風，測量到的時速高達2100公里。海王星雲頂的溫度是－218 °C，是太陽系最冷的地區之一。海王星核心的溫度約為7000 °C，可以和太陽的表面比較。海王星在1846年9月23日被發現，是唯一利用數學預測而非有計劃的觀測發現的行星。[56] 冥王星，位於海王星以外的柯伊伯帶內側，是柯伊伯帶中已知的最大天體。[57] 直徑約為2370±20km，是地球直徑的18.5%。[58] 2006年8月24日，國際天文學聯合會大會24日投票決定，不再將傳統九大行星之一的冥王星視為行星，而將其列入「矮行星」。大會通過的決議規定，「行星」指的是圍繞太陽運轉、自身引力足以克服其剛體力而使天體呈圓球狀、能夠清除其軌道附近其他物體的天體。在太陽系傳統的「九大行星」中，只有水星、金星、地球、火星、木星、土星、天王星和海王星符合這些要求。冥王星由於其軌道與海王星的軌道相交，不符合新的行星定義，因此被自動降級為「矮行星」。[59] 冥王星的表面溫度大概在-238到-228℃之間。冥王星的成份由70%巖石和30%冰水混合而成的。地表上光亮的部分可能覆蓋著一些固體氮以及少量 衛星拍月球經過地球，可見清晰月球背面 衛星拍月球經過地球，可見清晰月球背面 [60] 的固體甲烷和一氧化碳，冥王星表面的黑暗部分可能是一些基本的有機物質或是由宇宙射線引發的光化學反應。冥王星的大氣層主要由氮和少量的一氧化碳及甲烷組成。大氣極其稀薄，地面壓強只有少量微帕。[61] 地球是離太陽第三顆行星，是我們人類的家鄉，儘管地球是太陽系中一顆普通的行星，但它在許多方面都是獨一無二的。比如，它是太陽系中唯一一顆面積大部分被水覆蓋的行星，也是目前所知唯一一顆有生命存在的星球。質量M=5.9742 ×10^24 公斤，表面溫度：t = - 30 ～ +45。[62] 英國科研人員在《天體生物學》雜誌上報告說，如果沒有小行星撞擊等可能劇烈改變環境的事件發生，地球適宜人類居住的時間還剩約17.5億年，不過人為造成的氣候變化可能縮短這一時間。[63] 彗星是由灰塵和冰塊組成的太陽系中的一類小天體，繞日運動。[64] 科學家使用探測器對彗星的化學遺留物進行分析，發現其主要成份為氨、甲烷、硫化氫、氰化氫和甲醛。科學家得出結論稱，彗星的氣味聞起來像是臭雞蛋、馬尿、酒精和苦杏仁的氣味綜合。[65-66] 「67P/楚留莫夫-格拉希門克」彗星 「67P/楚留莫夫-格拉希門克」彗星 [67] 在太陽系的周圍還包裹著一個龐大的「奧爾特雲」。星雲內分布著不計其數的冰塊、雪團和碎石。其中的某些會受太陽引力影響飛入內太陽系，這學說，在原有的軌道（或稱小天體軌道）上又增加了更多的天體運行軌道。這一模式稱每顆行星都沿著一個小軌道作圓周運行，而小軌道又沿著該行星的大軌道繞地球作圓周運動。幾百年之後，這一模式的漏洞越來越明顯。科學家們又在這個模式上增加了許多軌道，行星就這樣沿著一道又一道的軌道作圓周運動。哥白尼想用「現代」（16世紀的）技術來改進托勒密的測量結果，以期取消一些小軌道。在長達近20年的時間裡，哥白尼不辭辛勞日夜測量行星的位置，但其測量獲得的結果仍然與托勒密的天體運行模式沒有多少差別。哥白尼想知道在另一個運行著的行星上觀察這些行星的運行情況會是什麼樣的。基於這種設想，哥白尼萌發了一個念頭：假如地球在運行中，那麼這些行星的運行看上去會是什麼情況呢？這一設想在他腦海里變得清晰起來了。一年裡，哥白尼在不同的時間、不同的距離從地球上觀察行星，每一個行星的情況都不相同，這是他意識到地球不可能位於星星軌道的中心。經過20年的觀測，哥白尼發現唯獨太陽的周年變化不明顯。這意味著地球和太陽的距離始終沒有改變。如果地球不是宇宙的中心，那麼宇宙的中心就是太陽。的發現才使牛頓有能力確定運動定律和萬有引力定律。哥白尼的日心宇宙體系既然是時代的產物，它就不能不受到時代的限制。反對神學的不徹底性，同時表現在哥白尼的某些觀點上，他的體系是存在缺陷的。哥白尼所指的宇宙是局限在一個小的範圍內的，具體來說，他的宇宙結構就是今天我們所熟知的太陽系，即以太陽為中心的天體系統。宇宙既然有它的中心，就必須有它的邊界，哥白尼雖然否定了托勒玫的「九重天」，但他卻保留了一層恆星天，儘管他迴避了宇宙是否有限這個問題，但實際上他是相信恆星天球是宇宙的「外殼」，他仍然相信天體只能按照所謂完美的圓形軌道運動，所以哥白尼的宇宙體系，仍然包含著不動的中心天體。但是作為近代自然科學的奠基人，哥白尼的歷史功績是偉大的。確認地球不是宇宙的中心，而是行星之一，從而掀起了一場天文學上根本性的革命，是人類探求客觀真理道路上的里程碑。哥白尼的偉大成就，不僅鋪平了通向近代天文學的道路，而且開創了整個自然界科學向前邁進的新時代。從哥白尼時代起，脫離教會束縛的自然科學和哲學開始獲得飛躍的發展。哥白尼的科學成就，是他所處時代的產物，又轉過來推動了時代的發展。順應時代變化 十五、六世紀的歐洲，正是從封建社會向資本主義社會轉變的關鍵時期，在這一二百年間，社會發生了巨大的變化。14世紀ndali soon after. She held out hope, she would later tell family members, sometimes tearing up at the memory, that once they were married, she could get their 別讓夢想只停留在夢裡。181. A day without laughter is a day wasted. 沒有笑聲的一天是浪費了的一天。(卓別林) 182. Travel and see the world; afterwards, you will be able to put your concerns in perspective. 去旅行吧，見的世面多了，你會發現原來在意的那些結根本算不了什麼。183. The key to acquiring proficiency in any task is repetition. 任何事情成功關鍵都是熟能生巧。《生活大爆炸》 184. You can be happy no matter what. 開心一點吧，管它會怎樣。baby boy back. Arthur Schieble died in August 1955, after the adoption was finalized. Just after Christmas that year, Joanne and Abdulfattah were married in St. Philip the Apostle Catholic Church in Green Bay. He got his PhD in international politics the next year, and then they had another child, a girl named Mona. After she and Jandali divorced in 1962, Joanne embarked on a dreamy and peripatetic life that her daughter, who grew up to become the acclaimed novelist Mona Simpson, would capture in her book Anywhere but Here. Because Steve’s adoption had been closed, it would be twenty years before they would all find each other. Steve Jobs knew from an early age that he was adopted. 「My parents were very open with me about that,」 he recalled. He had a vivid memory of sitting on the lawn of his house, when he was six or seven years old, telling the girl who lived across the street. 「So does that mean your real parents didn』t want you?」 the girl asked. 「Lightning bolts went off in my head,」 according to Jobs. 「I remember running into the house, crying. And my parents said, 『No, you have to understand.』 They were very serious and looked me straight in the eye. They said, 『We specifically picked you out.』 Both of my parents said that and repeated it slowly for me. And they put an emphasis on every word in that sentence.」 Abandoned. Chosen. Special. Those concepts became part of who Jobs was and how he regarded himself. His closest friends think that the knowledge that he was given up at birth left some scars. 「I think his desire for complete control of whatever he makes derives directly from his personality and the fact that he was abandoned at birth,」 said one longtime colleague, Del Yocam. 「He wants to control his environment, and he sees the product as an extension of himself.」 Greg Calhoun, who became close to Jobs right after college, saw another effect. 「Steve talked to me a lot about being abandoned and the pain that caused,」 he said. 「It made him independent. He followed the beat of a different drummer, and that came from being in a different world than he was born into.」 Later in life, when he was the same age his biological father had been when he abandoned him, Jobs would father and abandon a child of his own. (He eventually took responsibility for her.) Chrisann Brennan, the mother of that child, said that being put up for adoption left Jobs 「full of broken glass,」 and it helps to explain some of his behavior. 「He who is abandoned is an abandoner,」 she said. Andy Hertzfeld, who worked with Jobs at Apple in the early 1980s, is among the few who remained close to both Brennan and Jobs. 「The key question about Steve is why he can』t control himself at times from being so reflexively cruel and harmful to some people,」 he said. 「That goes back to being abandoned at birth. The real underlying problem was the theme of abandonment in Steve’s life.」 Jobs dismissed this. 「There’s some notion that because I was abandoned, I worked very hard so I could do well and make my parents wish they had me back, or some such nonsense, but that’s ridiculous,」 he insisted. 「Knowing I was adopted may have made me feel more independent, but I have never felt abandoned. I』ve always felt special. My parents made me feel special.」 He would later bristle whenever anyone referred to Paul and Clara Jobs as his 「adoptive」 parents or implied that they were not his 「real」 parents. 「They were my parents 1,000%,」 he said. When speaking about his biological parents, on the other hand, he was curt: 「They were my sperm and egg bank. That’s not harsh, it’s just the way it was, a sperm bank thing, nothing more.」 Silicon Valley The childhood that Paul and Clara Jobs created for their new son was, in many ways, a stereotype of the late 1950s. When Steve was two they adopted a girl they named Patty, and three years later they moved to a tract house in the suburbs. The finance company where Paul worked as a repo man, CIT, had transferred him down to its Palo Alto office, but he could not afford to live there, so they landed in a subdivision in Mountain View, a less expensive town just to the south. There Paul tried to pass along his love of mechanics and cars. 「Steve, this is your workbench now,」 he said as he marked off a section of the table in their garage. Jobs remembered being impressed by his father’s focus on craftsmanship. 「I thought my dad’s sense of design was pretty good,」 he said, 「because he knew how to build anything. If we needed a cabinet, he would build it. When he built our fence, he gave me a hammer so I could work with him.」 Fifty years later the fence still surrounds the back and side yards of the house in Mountain View. As Jobs showed it off to me, he caressed the stockade panels and recalled a lesson that his father implanted deeply in him. It was important, his father said, to craft the backs of cabinets and fences properly, even though they were hidden. 「He loved doing things right. He even cared about the look of the parts you couldn』t see.」 His father continued to refurbish and resell used cars, and he festooned the garage with pictures of his favorites. He would point out the detailing of the design to his son: the lines, the vents, the chrome, the trim of the seats. After work each day, he would change into his dungarees and retreat to the garage, often with Steve tagging along. 「I figured I could get him nailed down with a little mechanical ability, but he really wasn』t interested in getting his hands dirty,」 Paul later recalled. 「He never really cared too much about m189. It requires hard work to give off an appearance of effortlessness. 你必須十分努力，才能看起來毫不費力。190. Life is like riding a bicycle.To keep your balance,you must keep moving. 人生就像騎單車，只有不斷前進，才能保持平衡。(愛因斯坦) 191. Be thankful for what you have.You'll end up having more. 擁有一顆感恩的心，最終你會得到更多。192. Beauty is how you feel inside, and it reflects in your eyes. 美是一種內心的感覺，並反映在你的眼睛裡。(索菲亞·羅蘭) 193. Friendship doubles your joys, and divides your sorrows. 朋友的作用，就是讓你快樂加倍，痛苦減半。194. When you long for something sincerely, the whole world will help you. 當你真心渴望某樣東西時，整個宇宙都會來幫忙。echanical things.」 「I wasn』t that into fixing cars,」 Jobs admitted. 「But I was eager to hang out with my dad.」 Even as he was growing more aware that he had been adopted, he was becoming more attached to his father. One day when he was about eight, he discovered a photograph of his father from his time in the Coast Guard. 「He’s in the engine room, and he’s got his shirt off and looks like James Dean. It was one of those Oh wow moments for a kid. Wow, oooh, my parents were actually once very young and really good-looking.」 Through cars, his father gave Steve his first exposure to electronics. 「My dad did not have a deep understanding of electronics, but he』d encountered it a lot in automobiles and other things he would fix. He showed me the rudiments of electronics, and I got very interested in that.」 Even more interesting were the trips to scavenge for parts. 「Every weekend, there』d be a junkyard trip. We』d be looking for a generator, a carburetor, all sorts of components.」 He remembered watching his father negotiate at the counter. 「He was a good bargainer, because he knew better than the guys at the counter what the parts should cost.」 This helped fulfill the pledge his parents made when he was adopted. 「My college fund came from my dad paying $50 for a Ford Falcon or some other beat-up car that didn』t run, working on it for a few weeks, and selling it for $250—and not telling the IRS.」 The Jobses』 house and the others in their neighborhood were built by the real estate developer Joseph Eichler, whose company spawned more than eleven thousand homes in various California subdivisions between 1950 and 1974. Inspired by Frank Lloyd Wright’s vision of simple modern homes for the American 「everyman,」 Eichler built inexpensive houses that featured floor-to-ceiling glass walls, open floor plans, exposed post-and-beam construction, concrete slab floors, and lots of sliding glass doors. 「Eichler did a great thing,」 Jobs said on one of our walks around the neighborhood. 「His houses were smart and cheap and good. They brought clean design and simple taste to lower-income people. They had awesome little features, like radiant heating in the floors. You put carpet on them, and we had nice toasty floors when we were kids.」 Jobs said that his appreciation for Eichler homes instilled in him a passion for making nicely designed products for the mass market. 「I love it when you can bring really great design and simple capability to something that doesn』t cost much,」 he said as he pointed out the clean elegance of the houses. 「It was the original vision for Apple. That’s what we tried to do with the first Mac. That’s what we did with the iPod.」 Across the street from the Jobs family lived a man who had become successful as a real estate agent. 「He wasn』t that bright,」 Jobs recalled, 「but he seemed to be making a fortune. So my dad thought, 『I can do that.』 He worked so hard, I remember. He took these night classes, passed the license test, and got into real estate. Then the bottom fell out of the market.」 As a result, the family found itself financially strapped for a year or so while Steve was in elementary school. His mother took a job as a bookkeeper for Varian Associates, a company that made scientific instruments, and they took out a second mortgage. One day his fourth-grade teacher asked him, 「What is it you don』t understand about the universe?」 Jobs replied, 「I don』t understand why all of a sudden my dad is so broke.」 He was proud that his father never adopted a servile attitude or slick style that may have made him a better salesman. 「You had to suck up to people to sell real estate, and he wasn』t good at that and it wasn』t in his nature. I admired him for that.」 Paul Jobs went back to being a mechanic. His father was calm and gentle, traits that his son later praised more than emulated. He was also resolute. Jobs described one exampl What made the neighborhood different from the thousands of other spindly-tree subdivisions across America was that even the ne』er-do-wells tended to be engineers. 「When we moved here, there were apricot and plum orchards on all of these corners,」 Jobs recalled. 「But it was beginning to boom because of military investment.」 He soaked up the history of the valley and developed a yearning to play his own role. Edwin Land of Polaroid later told him about being asked by Eisenhower to help build the U-2 spy plane cameras to see how real the Soviet threat was. The film was dropped in canisters and returned to the NASA Ames Research Center in Sunnyvale, not far from where Jobs lived. 「The first computer terminal I ever saw was when my dad brought me to the Ames Center,」 he said. 「I fell totally in love with it.」 Other defense contractors sprouted nearby during the 1950s. The Lockheed Missiles and Space Division, which built submarine-launched ballistic missiles, was founded in 1956 next to the NASA Center; by the time Jobs moved to the area four years later, it employed twenty thousand people. A few hundred yards away, Westinghouse built facilities that produced tubes and electrical transformers for the missile systems. 「You had all these military companies on the cutting edge,」 he recalled. 「It was mysterious and high-tech and made living here very exciting.」 In the wake of the defense industries there arose a booming economy based on technology. Its roots stretched back to 1938, when David Packard and his new wife moved into a house in Palo Alto that had a shed where his friend Bill Hewlett was soon ensconced. The house had a garage—an appendage that would prove both useful and iconic in the valley—in which they tinkered around until they had their first product, an audio oscillator. By the 1950s, Hewlett-Packard was a fast-growing company making technical instruments. Fortunately there was a place nearby for entrepreneurs who had outgrown their garages. In a move that would help transform the area into the cradle of the tech revolution, Stanford University’s dean of engineering, Frederick Terman, created a seven-hundred-acre industrial park on university land for private companies that could commercialize the ideas of his students. Its first tenant was Varian Associates, where Clara Jobs worked. 「Terman came up with this great idea that did more than anything to cause the tech industry to grow up here,」 Jobs said. By the time Jobs was ten, HP had nine thousand employees and was the blue-chip company where every engineer seeking financial stability wanted to work. The most important technology for the region’s growth was, of course, the semiconductor. William Shockley, who had been one of the inventors of the transistor at Bell Labs in New Jersey, moved out to Mountain View and, in 1956, started a company to build transistors using silicon rather than the more expensive germanium that was then commonly used. But Shockley became increasingly erratic and abandoned his silicon transistor project, which led eight of his engineers—most notably Robert Noyce and Gordon Moore—to break away to form Fairchild Semiconductor. That company grew to twelve thousand employees, but it fragmented in 1968, when Noyce lost a power struggle to become CEO. He took Gordon Moore and founded a company that they called Integrated Electronics Corporation, which they soon smartly abbreviated to Intel. Their third employee was Andrew Grove, who later would grow the company by shifting its focus from memory chips to microprocessors. Within a few years there would be more than fifty companies in the area making semiconductors. The exponential growth of this industry was correlated with the phenomenon famously discovered by Moore, who in 1965 drew a graph of the speed of integrated circuits, based on the number of transistors that could be placed on a chip, and showed that it doubled about every two years, a trajectory that could be expected to continue. This was reaffirmed in 1971, when Intel was able to etch a complete central processing unit onto one chip, the Intel 4004, tronic amplifier. 「So I raced home, and I told my dad that he was wrong.」 「No, it needs an amplifier,」 his father assured him. When Steve protested otherwise, his father said he was crazy. 「It can』t work without an amplifier. There’s some trick.」 「I kept saying no to my dad, telling him he had to see it, and finally he actually walked down with me and saw it. And he said, 『Well I』ll be a bat out of hell.』」 Jobs recalled the incident vividly because it was his first realization that his father did not know everything. Then a more disconcerting discovery began to dawn on him: He was smarter than his parents. He had always admired his father’s competence and savvy. 「He was not an educated man, but I had always thought he was pretty damn smart. He didn』t read much, but he could do a lot. Almost everything mechanical, he could figure it out.」 Yet the carbon microphone incident, Jobs said, began a jarring process of realizing that he was in fact more clever and quick than his parents. 「It was a very big moment that’s burned into my mind. When I realized that I was smarter than my parents, I felt tremendous shame for having thought that. I will never forget that moment.」 This discovery, he later told friends, along with the fact that he was adopted, made him feel apart—detached and separate—from both his family and the world. Another layer of awareness occurred soon after. Not only did he discover that he was brighter than his parents, but he discovered that they knew this. Paul and Clara Jobs were loving parents, and they were willing to adapt their lives to suit a son who was very smart—and also willful. They would go to great lengths to accommodate him. And soon Steve discovered this fact as well. 「Both my parents got me. They felt a lot of responsibility once they sensed that I was special. They found ways to keep feeding me stuff and putting me in better schools. They were willing to defer to my needs.」 So he grew up not only with a sense of having once been abandoned, but also with a sense that he was special. In his own mind, that was more important in the formation of his personality. School Even before Jobs started elementary school, his mother had taught him how to read. This, however, led to some problems once he got to school. 「I was kind of bored for the first few years 而且，就連在丹麥的刑法「禁止危害國家安全」這章中，第110 e條也這樣寫道：任何人公開侮辱任何外國、海外地區的旗幟及官方標誌，均屬違法行為。應當處以罰款，最高可判2年內的監禁！ 然而丹麥竟然如此傲慢！ 更讓人感到不可思議的是：丹麥還公開排宣傳片稱：防毒面具沒用，用袖子捂住口鼻！ ... 這根本不把新型冠狀病毒當回事！ 這下可好了，如今人口才570萬的丹麥，確診人數已經接近2000人！ 可以說，丹麥本物資和醫療完全應付不了這種局面！ ... 結果丹麥又開始變臉求助中國了！ 面對巨大的壓力，丹麥向中國發出呼籲，希望中國能給予一定的幫助。 中國畢竟是大國，不能見死不救，這一次外交部高水平回應受到國內網友大讚：我們高度關注丹麥疫情，當前丹麥遭遇疫情防控巨大挑戰，出現防疫物資緊缺，我們感同身受。我方對丹麥方面為疫情防控做出的巨大努力高度讚賞，希望丹麥和歐盟方面進一步加強溝通協調。兩國人民一直保持著良好的民間交流，我們不會忘記在我國疫情最嚴重的時候，丹麥人民給予的寶貴支持與鼓舞。我們相信丹麥人民能夠戰勝疫情，恢復社會秩序。 ... 這個回復簡直太絕了！第一：你對我的傷害，我還記得； 第二：請找你那些歐洲朋友去幫忙；第三：祝你好運。患難才能見真情，關鍵時刻見人心。中國自古以來都崇尚禮尚往來，你敬我一尺，我敬你一丈。中國對那些心懷感恩和善意的的國家友好以待，但是中國不是老好人！孔子說：以德報怨，何以報德？很多人就是這樣，需要的時候，就湊過來了，不需要的時候，就踩你一腳。 羅素說：「若理性不存在，則善良無意義。」 我們要做善良的人，但不能做盲目善良的人。 所以，請照顧好你的善良，最好讓它開出玫瑰，用刺保護它的美，你的善良必須有點鋒芒。 成長的途徑有兩個：上課和上當，不上課就會上當！ 認知的途徑有兩個：教育和教訓，不被教育就被教訓！ 歡迎加入「財富要參」，來一場認知和圈層的突圍！ 投稿、約稿、轉載授權商務合作 ...另：大量讀者還有沒養成點讚的習慣，希望大家閱讀後順手點亮「在看」，以示鼓勵！長按2秒識別二維碼關注我們歡迎把我們推薦給你的家人和朋友喲
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